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Explicitly stating a block size overrides the automatic selection of block size. You can specify any positive integer; however, large numbers of buffers might cause "out of memory" errors because of inadequate virtual address space in the Sqlservr. Specifies the largest unit of transfer in bytes to be used between SQL Server and the backup media. The possible values are multiples of bytes 64 KB ranging up to bytes 4 MB.

For more information about using backup compression with TDE encrypted databases, see the Remarks section. These options allow you to determine whether backup checksums are enabled for the backup operation and whether the operation stops on encountering an error. CHECKSUM Specifies that the backup operation verifies each page for checksum and torn page, if enabled and available, and generate a checksum for the entire backup. Beginning with SQL Server , has no effect. This option is accepted by the version for compatibility with previous versions of SQL Server.

Displays a message each time another percentage completes, and is used to gauge progress. If percentage is omitted, SQL Server displays a message after each 10 percent is completed. The STATS option reports the percentage complete as of the threshold for reporting the next interval. These options are used only for TAPE devices. If a nontape device is being used, these options are ignored.

You can use this option to help improve performance when performing multiple backup operations to a tape. Keeping the tape open prevents other processes from accessing the tape. For information about how to display a list of open tapes and to close an open tape, see Backup Devices. This option typically affects performance only when writing to tape devices.

If you do not want to take log backups, use the simple recovery model. For more information, see Recovery Models. If the specified file already exists, the Database Engine overwrites it; if the file does not exist, the Database Engine creates it. The standby file becomes part of the database. There must be enough disk space for the standby file to grow so that it can contain all the distinct pages from the database that were modified by rolling back uncommitted transactions.

Specifies that the transaction log should not be not truncated and causes the Database Engine to attempt the backup regardless of the state of the database. This option allows backing up the transaction log in situations where the database is damaged. For information about database states, see Database States.

Under the full recovery model or bulk-logged recovery model, conventional backups also include sequential transaction log backups or log backups , which are required. Each log backup covers the portion of the transaction log that was active when the backup was created, and it includes all log records not backed up in a previous log backup.

To minimize work-loss exposure, at the cost of administrative overhead, you should schedule frequent log backups. Scheduling differential backups between full backups can reduce restore time by reducing the number of log backups you have to restore after restoring the data. A copy-only backup is a special-purpose full backup or log backup that is independent of the normal sequence of conventional backups. To avoid filling up the transaction log of a database, routine backups are essential.

Under the simple recovery model, log truncation occurs automatically after you back up the database, and under the full recovery model, after you back up the transaction log. However, sometimes the truncation process can be delayed. For information about factors that can delay log truncation, see The Transaction Log. If you are using the full or bulk-logged recovery model recovery and you must remove the log backup chain from a database, switch to the simple recovery model.

A stripe set is a set of disk files on which data is divided into blocks and distributed in a fixed order. The following example writes a backup of the AdventureWorks database to a new striped media set that uses three disk files. After a backup device is defined as part of a stripe set, it cannot be used for a single-device backup unless FORMAT is specified. Similarly, a backup device that contains nonstriped backups cannot be used in a stripe set unless FORMAT is specified.

However, a total of four mirrors is possible per media set. For a mirrored media set, the backup operation writes to multiple groups of backup devices. Each group of backup devices comprises a single mirror within the mirrored media set. Every mirror must use the same quantity and type of physical backup devices, which must all have the same properties. To back up to a mirrored media set, all of the mirrors must be present. The following example writes to a mirrored media set that contains two mirrors and uses three devices per mirror:.

This example is designed to allow you to test it on your local system. In practice, backing up to multiple devices on the same drive would hurt performance and would eliminate the redundancy for which mirrored media sets are designed. In a mirrored media set, every mirror must contain a copy of every media family. This is why the number of devices must be identical in every mirror. When multiple devices are listed for each mirror, the order of the devices determines which media family is written to a particular device.

For example, in each of the device lists, the second device corresponds to the second media family. For the devices in the above example, the correspondence between devices and media families is shown in the following table. A media family must always be backed up onto the same device within a specific mirror. Therefore, each time you use an existing media set, list the devices of each mirror in the same order as they were specified when the media set was created.

For more information about mirrored media sets, see Mirrored Backup Media Sets. For more information, see Restore and Recovery Overview.

If the tape media is empty or the disk backup file does not exist, all these interactions write a media header and proceed. If the media is not empty and lacks a valid media header, these operations give feedback stating that this is not valid MTF media, and they terminate the backup operation.

If the version specified is unsupported or an unexpected value, an error occurs. Database or log backups can be appended to any disk or tape device, allowing a database and its transaction logs to be kept within one physical location.

Cross-platform backup operations, even between different processor types, can be performed as long as the collation of the database is supported by the operating system. In other words, SQL Server will never automatically decrease the value, it will only increase it.

By default, every successful backup operation adds an entry in the SQL Server error log and in the system event log. If you back up the log very frequently, these success messages accumulate quickly, resulting in large error logs that can make finding other messages difficult. In such cases you can suppress these log entries by using trace flag , if none of your automation or monitoring depends on those entries.

For more information, see Trace Flags. SQL Server uses an online backup process to allow a database backup while the database is still in use. If a backup operation overlaps with a file management or shrink operation, a conflict arises. Regardless of which of the conflicting operation began first, the second operation waits for the lock set by the first operation to time out the time-out period is controlled by a session timeout setting. If the lock is released during the time-out period, the second operation continues.

If the lock times out, the second operation fails. When a restore is performed, if the backup set was not already recorded in the msdb database, the backup history tables might be modified. Beginning with SQL Server It is still possible to restore backups created with passwords.

Ownership and permission problems on the backup device's physical file can interfere with a backup operation. Ensure SQL Server startup account needs to have read and write permissions to the backup device and the folder where the backup files are written to. Such problems on the backup device's physical file may not appear until the physical resource is accessed when the backup or restore is attempted.

The backup how-to topics contain additional examples. For more information, see Backup Overview. The following example backups up the AdventureWorks sample database, which uses the simple recovery model by default. To support log backups, the AdventureWorks database is modified to use the full recovery model. The example then creates a full database backup to AdvWorksData , and after a period of update activity, backs up the log to AdvWorksLog.

For a production database, back up the log regularly. Log backups should be frequent enough to provide sufficient protection against data loss.

The following example creates a full file backup of every file in both of the secondary filegroups. The following example creates a differential file backup of every file in both of the secondary filegroups.

The following example creates a mirrored media set containing a single media family and four mirrors and backs up the AdventureWorks database to them. The following example creates a mirrored media set in which each mirror consists of two media families.

The example then backs up the AdventureWorks database to both mirrors. The following example formats the media, creating a new media set, and performs a compressed full backup of the AdventureWorks database. The storage Account name is mystorageaccount.

The container is called myfirstcontainer. A stored access policy has been created with read, write, delete, and list rights. This example performs a full backup database of the Sales database to an S3-compatible object storage platform.

The name of the credential is not required in the statement or to match the exact URL path, but will perform a lookup for the proper credential on the URL provided. SQL Server.

Differential, log, and file snapshot backups are not supported. During a database backup, Azure SQL Managed Instance backs up enough of the transaction log to produce a consistent database when the backup is restored. Is the database from which the complete database is backed up.

Specifies the URL to use for the backup operation. If you choose to encrypt you will also have to specify the encryptor using the encryptor options:.

Specifies whether backup compression is performed on this backup, overriding the server-level default. The default behavior is no backup compression. Has no effect. Max backup stripe size is GB maximum blob size. Increase the number of stripes in the backup command to reduce individual stripe size and stay within this limit. Ownership and permission problems on the URL can interfere with a backup operation. SQL Server must be able to read and write to the device; the account under which the SQL Server service runs must have write permissions.

Restore database. Creates a backup of a Analytics Platform System PDW database and stores the backup off the appliance in a user-specified network location. A differential database backup only includes changes made since the last full backup. A backup of a user database includes database users, and database roles. A backup of the master database includes logins. The name of the database on which to create a backup. The database can be the master database or a user database.

Specifies to perform a differential backup of a user database. If omitted, the default is a full database backup. The name of the differential backup does not need to match the name of the full backup. For keeping track of the differential and its corresponding full backup, consider using the same name with 'full' or 'diff' appended.

The master database can only be backed up by sa , the fabric administrator, or members of the sysadmin fixed server role. Requires a Windows account that has permission to access, create, and write to the backup directory.

A differential backup usually takes less time than a full backup and can be performed more frequently. When multiple differential backups are based on the same full backup, each differential includes all of the changes in the previous differential backup. Full backups and differential backups are stored in separate directories.

Naming conventions are not enforced for specifying that a full backup and differential backup belong together. You can track this through your own naming conventions. You cannot perform a differential backup of the master database. Only full backups of the master database are supported.

For that functionality, you can use the remote table copy feature. SQL Server backup options are preconfigured to use backup compression. You cannot set backup options such as compression, checksum, block size, and buffer count. Only one database backup or restore can run on the appliance at any given time. Analytics Platform System PDW will queue backup or restore commands until the current backup or restore command has completed. The target appliance for restoring the backup must have at least as many Compute nodes as the source appliance.

The target can have more Compute nodes than the source appliance, but cannot have fewer Compute nodes. Analytics Platform System PDW does not track the location and names of backups since the backups are stored off the appliance. A differential backup is only allowed if the last full backup completed successfully.

For example, suppose that on Monday you create a full backup of the Sales database and the backup finishes successfully. Then on Tuesday you create a full backup of the Sales database and it fails. After this failure, you cannot then create a differential backup based on Monday's full backup. You must first create a successful full backup before creating a differential backup. These dynamic management views contain information about all backup, restore, and load operations.

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